Summary Water is crucial for plant growth and its scarcity affects many plant metabolic processes, such as photosynthesis. Drought events are impacting crop production, and their intensity and frequency are expected to increase in the future. Plants can establish beneficial interactions with soil microbes to better tolerate drought. Researchers have been identifying beneficial microbes interacting with the roots that can […]
Summary Not all calories are equal—nutrient-dense foods support better health than empty-calorie processed foods. Proteins and complex carbs take more energy to be digested, while processed foods are rapidly digested and lead to blood sugar spikes. Processed foods can disrupt insulin and fat storage hormones, while whole foods promote hormone balance and satiety. High-quality foods reduce the risk of chronic […]
Summary Vitamin D, obtained mainly through sun exposure or dietary sources, is crucial for bone integrity, muscle health, and immune function. Maternal vitamin D deficiency has been linked to neurodevelopmental disorders such as schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorder, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Vitamin D plays a vital role throughout life with its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and other neuroprotective properties. Vitamin D […]
Summary: There are numerous speech stratagems which can be used to influence opinions and manipulate an argument. Logical fallacies are mistakes in reasoning which make arguments and opinions false. Circular reasoning occurs when the conclusion of a premise is already present in the premise. Linguistic tautologies are redundant phrases where the same idea is expressed more than once. This series […]
Summary Raynaud’s syndrome, a vascular disorder affecting extremities, leads to noticeable colour changes predominantly in fingers and toes. With approximately 5% of the population affected, the disorder is common. Primary Raynaud’s is less severe and often lacks an underlying medical condition, while secondary Raynaud’s is associated with autoimmune disease. In our most recent Facts&Reason article, we explored the autoimmune disease […]
Summary Scleroderma is a rare autoimmune disease characterized by excessive collagen production. It can affect only the skin, or both skin and internal organs. It leads to the thickening of connective tissue and potential complications in organs such as the lungs, heart, and kidneys, which can ultimately result in death. Early signs, like excessive vessels constricting (called Raynaud’s phenomenon) and […]
Colonization of the gut with various species of bacteria is essential for digesting nutrients and maintaining a healthy immune system. Beyond the gut, “good” bacteria are essential in many organs. Amongst other functionalities, bacteria produce vitamin B12, an essential factor which humans obtain from food. In a world where bacteria are often associated with sickness and infection, it is crucial […]
The following article stems from a recent workshop and may differ in style and depth from our usual content on Facts&Reasons. While we strive for accuracy and clarity, this piece has not undergone our standard review process. When was the last time you felt overwhelmed with your everyday life? In a world that never stops, you may find it difficult […]
Summary The ketogenic diet consists of a low carbohydrate (<50g/day) and high fat intake to force the body into burning fat for the production of ketone bodies as an alternative energy source. The ketogenic diet was first introduced as a treatment for epileptic and diabetic patients. The rise of antiepileptic drugs steeply reduced the usage and research of the ketogenic […]
Summary Infant formula (IF) is similar in nutritional content to breastmilk and can be a supplement/alternative to breastmilk if breastmilk is not available. Unlike IF, breast milk contains compounds beneficial to infant immunity and biome. Breastfeeding decreases child mortality rate and infection rate (<2 years of age) and has long term protective effects against obesity and diabetes. Parenthood is a […]